What Did Countries That Ratified the Kyoto Protocol Agree to Do Quizlet

William K. Stevens, a retired journalist for the New York Times, wrote: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has stated that the probability is 90 to 99 percent that emissions of heat-storing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide spewed through exhaust pipes and chimneys are the main cause of the warming observed over the past 50 years. In panel jargon, this level of security is described as “very likely”. It is only rarely that the achievement of scientific quotas provides a clearer answer than that, at least in this branch of science, and it describes the previous criterion for assessing progression. [42] The 2009 report, which discusses the effects of climate change in the United States, also states: In July 2009, the National Association of Geoscience Teachers[93] (NAGT) adopted a statement on climate change, in which it states that “the Earth`s climate is changing [and] that current warming trends are largely the result of human activities”: In addition, in 2008, the EGU issued a statement on ocean acidification stating: “Ocean acidification is already taking place today and will continue to intensify, closely monitoring the increase in atmospheric CO2. Given the potential threat to marine ecosystems and the resulting impact on human society and the economy, particularly in relation to anthropogenic global warming, there is an urgent need for action. The declaration then recommends strategies “to limit future CO2 emissions into the atmosphere and/or improve the removal of excess CO2 from the atmosphere.” [88] And in 2018, the EGU issued a statement in which it agreed with the findings of the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C, with Jonathan Bamber, President of the Organization, stating: “EGU agrees with the findings of SR15 and holds them that there is an urgent need for action to mitigate the most dangerous consequences of man-made climate change, of the utmost importance and the time window is extremely limited. [89] This scientific opinion is expressed in synthesis reports, by nationally or internationally renowned scientific bodies, and by opinion polls among climatologists. Scientists, universities and laboratories contribute to global scientific opinion through their peer-reviewed publications, and the areas of collective bargaining and relative safety are summarized in these prestigious reports and surveys. [15] The IPCC`s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) was finalized in 2014. [16] His findings are summarized below: There is currently a strong scientific consensus that the Earth is warming and that this warming is mainly caused by human activities. This consensus is supported by various studies of scientists` opinions and by statements by scientific organizations, many of which expressly agree with the synthesis reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Global climate change and global warming are real and observable.

It is very likely that human activities that have increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have been largely responsible for the warming observed since 1950. The warming associated with the increase in greenhouse gases resulting from human activities is called the increase in the greenhouse effect. The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by more than 30% since the beginning of the industrial era and is now higher than ever in the last 650,000 years. This increase is a direct result of fossil fuel combustion, large-scale deforestation and other human activities. [97] (i) 97-98% of climate scientists who publish most actively in this field support the Acc (Anthropogenic Climate Change) principles set out by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and (ii) the relative climate expertise and scientific importance of researchers who are not convinced by the CCA are significantly lower than those of convinced researchers. [136] Climate change is at best peripheral to our science. The AAPG has no credibility in this area. And as a group, we have no special knowledge of global atmospheric geophysics. [131] The New York Times reported that “the leading international network of climate scientists has concluded for the first time that global warming is `unambiguous` and that human activities are the main driver that is `very likely` behind most of the temperature rise since 1950.” [41] This is a list of scientific panels of national or international renown that have expressed formal opinions, classifying these organizations according to whether they agree, non-binding or deviate from the ipcc`s opinion.

The california governor`s office website lists nearly 200 global scientific organizations that argue that climate change was caused by human action. [52] The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report followed the same general format as the Fourth Assessment Report, with three Working Group reports and one synthesis report. [16] The report of Working Group I (WG1) was published in September 2013. [16] The report`s summary for policymakers states that the warming of the climate system is “unambiguous,” with unprecedented changes from decades to millennia, including warming of the atmosphere and oceans, loss of snow and ice, and rising sea levels. Greenhouse gas emissions, mainly caused by economic and population growth, have led to greenhouse gas concentrations unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years. .